US DHS proposes landmark visa reforms affecting F-1, J-1, and I-type visa holders. The switch from D/S to a fixed-term visa stay. A 4-year cap, 240-day media limit, and first-year academic restrictions. DHS justifies changes by pointing to alleged “longstanding abuse” of visa status.
The Trump government has proposed a significant overhaul to eliminate the long-standing “duration of status (D/S) system for F-1 (students), J-1 (exchange visitors), and I-type (media) visas. Under D/S, visa holders can now stay in the U.S. as long as they are enrolled in programs.
The new rule would instead mandate fixed stay periods, aligned with program duration, but it will be capped at four years for students and exchange visitors and 240 days for media personnel, including immediate exceptions such as 90 days for journalists from China. Meanwhile, Extensions are allowed but require an application to USCIS before expiration. The move aims to enhance oversight and curb the misuse of visas.
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has also proposed forbidding F-1 students from changing academic program, major, or education level during their first year of study, except for some limitations. This reduces academic flexibility for new students, possibly affecting their ability to transfer or switch majors.
The DHS has defended the move, arguing that the existing system is often misused, with individuals staying in the US even after they complete the duration of their program. The new structure is meant to strengthen screening, oversight, and monitoring. A 30-day public comment period has begun.
India sends the largest number of International students to the U.S., over 2.5 lakh in 2024. Indian students can stay in the US for the full length degree and OPT. There is still uncertainty for students pursuing Ph.D. programs (5-6 years). Visa reapplications probably mean higher costs and more hurdles.
While New Delhi has not taken an official stand on this issue yet, many experts and critics warn that new restrictions can drive Indian students to explore alternatives such as Canada, the UK, or Australia, where visa policies are student-friendly. It may affect India-US educational collaboration, particularly student exchange and research partnerships.
Universities and academic bodies in the US strongly oppose the rule, saying it will reduce the US’s attractiveness for top global talent. This will create unnecessary stress and instability for students
These new visa rules seem tough on international students. Limiting flexibility and adding uncertainty may push many toward countries with more welcoming policies like Canada or the UK.